Tolis Tape Tools Data Migration For Mac
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12 detection. CXFS I/O fencing provides the ability to fence immediately any node out of the SAN fabric, suppressing any access to the I/O path and thus preventing potential data corruption. But not activated appear gray, and items that are active and normal are green. Detailed information about any cluster element can be obtained through menu-based operations on a selected icon. For more information, see The CXFS Software Installation and Administration Guide. 6.0 User Interface CXFS can be easily configured, monitored, and managed using Java language-based tools. The CXFS Manager has Web-browser-like functionality and provides the main configuration interface.
It organizes all CXFS tasks into three different categories: nodes and cluster, filesystems, and diagnostics. The Guided Configuration Mode provides sets of tasks (tasksets) to help the new user through initial configuration and setup of the CXFS cluster (Set Up a New Cluster, Set Up a New Filesystem). The Find a Task category lets the user type keywords to find a specific task. CXFS Cluster View provides the main monitoring interface, presenting an iconic view of the CXFS cluster showing nodes and filesystems.
Cluster View is used to monitor an active CXFS cluster. Cluster members with error conditions blink red, items that have been defined Fig. CXFS cluster view showing details for a single filesystem Because the tools are written in Java, they are not limited to execution on an IRIX console. They can be run in any Web browser supporting Java or on any platform supporting a Java run-time environment, making remote management of CXFS convenient and easy.
CXFS provides a flat, single-system view of the filesystem; it is identical from all hosts sharing the filesystem and is not dependent on any particular host. The path name is a normal POSIX path name; for example, /u/username/ directory. This path does not vary if the metadata server moves from one host to another, if the server name is changed, or if a server is added or replaced. This simplifies storage management for administrators and users.
Multiple processes on one SMP host and processes distributed across multiple hosts have the same view of the filesystem, with similar performance on each host. CXFS manager shown in the guided configuration mode This differs from typical networked filesystems, which tend to include the name of the file server in the path name. This difference reflects the simplicity of the SAN architecture 11 13 with its direct-to-disk I/O, compared with the extra hierarchy of the LAN filesystem that goes through a named server to get to the disks. Unlike most networked filesystems, the CXFS filesystem provides a full UNIX filesystem interface, including POSIX, System V, and BSD interfaces. This includes semantics such as mandatory and advisory record locks.
Tolis Tape Tools Data Migration For Mac
No special record-locking library is required Some semantics are not appropriate and not supported in shared filesystems. For example, root filesystems belong to a particular host, with system files configured for each particular host s characteristics. In a root filesystem, one defines devices for a particular host configuration, such as /etc/tty and /etc/tape.
These device definitions are not appropriate in a shared filesystem. In addition, named pipes are supported in shared filesystems only when all the processes using them reside on the same system.
This is because named pipes are implemented as shared-memory buffers. CXFS supports XFS filesystem extensions, such as extended attributes and memory-mapped files. On some operating systems other than IRIX, these features may be limited by the particular operating system s capabilities.
7.0 LAN-Free Backup with CXFS Using CXFS, backup traffic can be shifted from the LAN to the SAN, reducing network congestion and decreasing backup time using CXFS with standard backup packages can reduce backup windows from hours to minutes. Existing backup applications work seamlessly in the CXFS environment.
Consolidated network backups are performed in many computer installations. Data is transferred over a LAN to a dedicated backup server, minimizing the number of required tape devices and centralizing operations. LAN backup has many advantages, but not surprisingly given the tremendous growth in the amount of data being stored has also led to new problems. Despite tremendous increases in network bandwidth, LANs frequently fail to keep up, and the increased network traffic created by backup data may also interfere with high-priority user traffic. At the same time, backup windows the available time in which backups can be performed have been shrinking.
This is due to such forces as globalization and e-commerce, which require data to be available around the clock. Administrators typically pick periods of low network utilization and low server load to perform backup. CXFS provides the capability to perform backups using a method that not only moves data traffic off the LAN and onto the SAN to increase backup performance, but also removes the load from busy compute servers and moves it to a dedicated backup server. Existing timetested backup applications such as Legato NetWorker work seamlessly with CXFS without modification. A backup server attached to a SAN running CXFS reads data directly from the filesystems to be backed up and writes it to storage just as if the filesystems were local to the backup server.
The backup server therefore assumes the entire workload associated with backup. The backup server can be implemented using a relatively inexpensive workstation, analogous to the workstations used in other LAN-free backup methodologies. Multiple backup servers can be deployed if necessary. Integration into a SAN allows backup bandwidth to scale to meet the needs of very large data sets.
The number of disk channels, the size or number of backup servers, and the number of tape channels can all be scaled to provide backup bandwidth far in excess of what can be achieved with other methods. The easiest migration path to server-free backup with CXFS requires only that the backup server be attached to the SAN and CXFS installed.
Since the installed base of tape devices, libraries, etc., typically uses the SCSI interface, these devices remain directly attached to the backup server, as they are in a 12 14 network backup scenario. The backup server runs the backup application, accesses all filesystem data directly using CXFS, and transfers data to backup media as normal. The simplicity of this solution lies in the fact that the only new software introduced is CXFS. The backup server can continue to provide Active backup server with Standard Software Fig. Server-free backup using CXFS and standard backup software backup services for network clients as required. Tape Robot 8.0 High Availability and Unlimited Storage: Using CXFS with FailSafe and DMF By combining the unique features of CXFS with the SGI high-availability software product FailSafe and HSM product Data Migration Facility (DMF), SGI offers a complete data management storage architecture.
This storage architecture meets the most critical needs of data access and data management: Data availability with XFS, XVM, and CXFS Application availability with FailSafe Data virtualization with DMF and XVM FailSafe provides application monitoring and failover to a secondary system in the event of a hardware or software failure. FailSafe clusters can consist of up to 16 nodes protecting one or many applications. Specialized agents are available for such applications as DMF, NFS, Web serving, and popular databases. Scripts can be used to tailor FailSafe to other applications. Using CXFS and FailSafe together combines the advantages of high-availability applications with a shared high-performance filesystem. As soon as an application fails over from one system to another, it can again begin accessing data in shared CXFS filesystems. FailSafe is not used to protect the availability of CXFS filesystems, since that is an intrinsic capability of CXFS.
FailSafe and CXFS clusters are set up using the same procedures, dramatically simplifying use of the products together. DMF is used to manage vast quantities of data. The HSM capabilities of DMF provide a flexible framework for automatically migrating less frequently used online data to less expensive near-line or offline media until it is needed. In environments where a large amount of data must be stored but only a limited subset is used at any given time, CXFS and DMF together provide an economical virtual storage environment that can accommodate huge amounts of data (tens or hundreds of terabytes). Online disk capacity can be maintained as a modest percentage of total storage capacity. Total storage capacity is increased through the addition of inexpensive tape cartridges rather than disk capacity (more expensive in terms of purchase cost, space usage, and power consumption). A small delay occurs when an offline file is accessed while the file is located and staged back to online storage.
(An application can begin accessing the file before the copy to disk completes.) This method has an added advantage since an accessed file is migrated from tape to relatively unconstrained disk resources, the file will in most cases be allocated space in a very efficient manner, increasing the performance of file access while it is online. 13 15 CXFS integrates with DMF and other HSM applications using the industry-standard data management application programmer s interface (DMAPI).
The CXFS metadata server is responsible for mediating all DMAPI requests for HSM services. Therefore, DMF must be installed on the system that is designated as the metadata server for the CXFS filesystem. Most customers deploying DMF use FailSafe to ensure DMF availability. Used together, CXFS and DMF provide a single view of local and migrated files to all CXFS clients or NFS over CXFS clients.
Any member of a CXFS cluster can transparently access files managed by DMF. The addition of FailSafe ensures the availability of data that has been migrated by DMF. 9.0 Multi-OS Platform Support CXFS is available for 64-bit IRIX OS-based systems, Solaris 8 and Solaris 9, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, 64-bit Linux for SGI Altix, Red Hat 7.3 for 32-bit Linux and IBM AIX 5L. CXFS for Windows XP and Mac OS X will be available in the second half of calendar year Additional UNIX.
Support is in development. IRIX systems supported include the Silicon Graphics Octane series, Silicon Graphics Fuel and Silicon Graphics Tezro, SGI Origin 200, Silicon Graphics Onyx2, SGI Onyx 3000 series, SGI Origin 2000 series, and SGI Origin 3000 and SGI Origin 300 series systems. CXFS works with all RAID storage devices and SAN environments supported by SGI, including 1Gb and 2Gb switches, multiswitch fabrics, and hub-based SANs.
A maximum of 48 CXFS nodes is supported today 64 nodes will be supported by the end of 2003, with plans to extend the limit beyond 64 in the near future. While CXFS provides significant benefits for a homogeneous SAN, the new frontier in SAN virtualization is the ability for heterogeneous platforms running different operating systems to share data at high speed. There are several important technical considerations when implementing a shared filesystem with heterogeneous platform support.
Different processors use different representations for common data types. In order for heterogeneous platforms to use and understand filesystem metadata (and not corrupt it) a common data representation must be provided. This data representation is the XFS data format. Most UNIX architectures make use of 64-bit addressing while Intel architecture-based operating systems like Windows NT are 32-bit. A shared filesystem must address these differences in a standard way to ensure consistency.
CXFS has been designed to handle these issues by storing metadata in a standard format across all platforms. Implementing a shared filesystem with heterogeneous platform support is easier when done in user space rather than in the system kernel, but such an implementation may rely on features of the underlying operating system that are not appropriate for a shared data environment. User-space implementations also impact performance. CXFS is implemented in the kernel on all supported architectures (current and future), providing proven reliability, scalability, and the highest performance possible.
A few other vendors have implemented distributed filesystems on multiple platforms using existing OS-specific software packages and filesystems. These implementations are done primarily in user space, using NFS to manage metadata. NFS lacks the metadata performance and strict data correctness guarantees of CXFS. None of these products provides the performance and availability of CXFS CXFS Scalability and Performance For common workloads, CXFS provides the same unsurpassed scalability and performance as the industry-leading XFS filesystem, enhancing the responsiveness of applications that use shared data. CXFS has the features and performance to meet the challenges of distributed computing, combining the robustness and performance of 14 16 XFS with the convenience of data sharing. These benefits will be extended even further through the support of Mac OS X and other UNIX platforms.
CXFS continues to function at levels where many stand-alone filesystems fail. For instance, CXFS has been tested with up to 1 million files per directory, and it still works correctly and efficiently. At this level, most other filesystems stop working or are too slow to be useful. In direct comparisons of CXFS on a single Fibre Channel Host Bus Adapter versus NFS on a single Gigabit Ethernet (both providing nominally the same bandwidth of 100MB per second), CXFS achieved an average practical transfer rate of 85MB per second. By comparison, NFS averaged only 25MB per second for the same workload, a workload that was optimized for NFS.
This is attributable to the greater network and protocol overhead of NFS running on a TCP/IP LAN. Typically, Ethernet payloads are limited to 1,512 bytes per packet. Fibre Channel allows the application to negotiate a transfer window varying in size from a few bytes to 200KB, allowing the application to accommodate small and bulk data transfers. In addition, CXFS and SANs can be scaled in ways that no network filesystem can. For instance, although Fibre Channel and network technologies like Gigabit Ethernet nominally provide the same bandwidth today (100MB per second), CXFS filesystems spanning multiple Fibre Channels on multiple HBAs can be created, effectively aggregating the available bandwidth to a single filesystem.
A network filesystem is limited to the bandwidth of a single network and cannot be similarly aggregated across multiple networks. CXFS takes the place of network filesystems where high-speed data access is most critical, while still allowing other network systems access to data. CXFS cluster members can be configured to run NFS or SAMBA CIFS, serving cluster data to clients outside the SAN. For most workloads, CXFS provides performance approaching that of a non-shared XFS filesystem. With multiple Fibre Channel connections and multiple RAID disks, achievable bandwidths can reach many hundreds of megabytes per second or even many gigabytes per second. CXFS exhibits exceptional performance in many situations such as: Reads and writes to a file, opened by a single process Reads and writes to a file where all processes with that file open reside on the same host Multiple processes on multiple hosts reading the same file Multiple processes on multiple hosts reading and writing the same file, using direct I/O and buffer coherency may become a bottleneck for some workloads.
For instance, when multiple systems are reading and writing the same file, maintaining buffer coherency between systems is time consuming. These applications typically benefit from direct I/O, where all write data is flushed immediately to disk rather than being cached in memory buffers. Direct I/O eliminates the steps on the metadata server that would otherwise be required to flush dirty buffers from clients. Direct I/O is typically favored when file sizes approach or exceed the size of system memory, so many applications already take advantage of it. Other metadata-intensive operations may be slower on CXFS than they would be for a stand-alone filesystem. Operations that perform random access to numerous small files or those that repeatedly look up file and directory information may be noticeably slower.
In all cases, however, these operations will be faster than they would be over common network filesystems. The real measure of the value of a shared filesystem is how it improves the productivity of scientific and creative users. Working with large data sets, information is stored in large central repositories and copied using FTP or NFS to other systems for local processing. 15 17 These data sets may be upwards of 2TB of data per day. With CXFS, this expensive, timewasting, and inefficient process can be eliminated, dramatically increasing operational efficiency and moving the focus to innovation and insight CXFS in Production CXFS gives SGI customers the opportunity to change the way data and information flow, allowing users to simultaneously learn from the information and improve its value, leading Imagine!
Decide Design Data Visualize Compute Post- Process to more powerful scientific and creative innovation. CXFS excels in environments where workflow results in large amounts of data moving between systems. Oil and gas exploration and digital media applications depend on a workflow-processing model in which multiple machines work serially to process a data and information stream.
Output from a system is passed to another system for post processing and so on. This processing model requires sharing large quantities of data. Many sites are still using inefficient methods such as FTP or NFS to copy data between machines and limit the size of the data sets they process because of inadequate bandwidth for transferring data. By allowing applications on different machines to share data at high speed without copying, CXFS can save users a tremendous amount of time and money.
This section provides examples where CXFS has improved the efficiency of several applications CXFS in Oil and Gas Exploration A large oil and gas company is using CXFS in its seismic data analysis operation to help discover new petroleum fields. Specialized applications have been developed in-house to process data from field studies and image geological features below the earth s surface. Compute-intensive applications like this one typically generate so much data that the data set has to be segmented into smaller pieces to keep data transfer times between systems manageable. CXFS was extensively tested and benchmarked in this environment to determine how much improvement could be made to the overall operation. To increase parallelism, applications were modified to allow them to synchronize, an optimization that was not possible prior to the introduction of CXFS. The main application begins processing a data set and the output is directed to a file that resides on a CXFS shared filesystem.
Once a set amount of output has been created, a second application running on a separate system begins processing the output without waiting for the first application to complete. The second application synchronizes with the first to ensure that it does not read past the current end of file. The second application directs its output to a new output file in the shared filesystem, and the process repeats through several additional processing steps until completion. The use of CXFS along with the modest application changes described has decreased the time required for start-to-finish processing of a data set by as much as 35%. The customer has also been able to process data sets up to three times larger than were previously possible.
A relatively modest investment in CXFS software to improve workflow dramatically increased the customer s ability to complete useful work. A much larger investment in raw computing power would have been required to achieve similar results otherwise. 16 18 11.2 CXFS in Video Post-Production (Media) The introduction of digital technology in the film production and post-production industry has created dramatic changes. Computers are already used at many stages of the production of a movie, but it is generally accepted that in the future, production will be totally digital, from shooting to projection in theaters. Cutting-edge filmmakers are already shooting films entirely with new HD digital cameras. Working with high-quality digital video assets requires applications to manage huge amounts of data. A single HDTV frame consumes a minimum of 8MB, and a movie displays 24 frames per second (192MB per second).
Postproduction involves many complex tasks, such as digitizing analog content (35 mm movies), nonlinear editing, digital effects, and compositing. These tasks are usually performed in a workflow process in which data moves from one computer to the next in a sequence. Post-production houses have been relying on cumbersome methods to manage digital assets and move data from one host to another: Online storage is moved manually from system to system: A direct-attached RAID array on one machine is disconnected after processing on that system completes and then connected to another machine to carry out additional steps in the process. This is an efficient process because it avoids slow copying and offline media, but data availability could be impacted by RAID failures while moving the array back and forth. Also, only one host at a time can access the latest asset. An asset is transferred between systems using tape: Once a processing step is completed, the output of that step is manually copied to tape, carried to the next machine in the processing sequence, and copied back to disk on that system. The efficiency of this process is limited by the bandwidth of the tape device.
An asset is copied over a network: Traditional network-based file sharing, like NFS and/or CIFS, or proprietary point-to-point networks are used. Due to limited network bandwidth and protocol overhead, it can take hours or overnight to transfer files between machines, seriously impeding work.
A leader in post-production responsible for more than 30 productions a year (analog and digital) was confronted with these challenges in its workflow. With more than 15 machines involved in the process, sharing data had become too complex and too slow, even using Gigabit Ethernet. A CXFS SAN was installed in August 2000 on all existing SGI IRIX OS-based machines, including Origin 200, Origin 2000 series, Onyx2, Onyx 3000 series, and Octane systems.
Each machine or set of machines is responsible for a different aspect of processing using specialized applications. According to the customer, CXFS permitted the staff to work faster than ever before possible. Gigabyte gv-r455d3-512i driver for mac. It now takes 10 minutes to process an asset that previously required all night to copy from one system to the next. The customer is using the CXFS configuration in 3x8-hour cycles nonstop, dramatically increasing the return on investment.
Additional customer success stories demonstrating how a shared filesystem is being used to improve workflow can be found at Summary Storage area networks have become as essential to data communication as TCP/IP is to network communication, providing benefits such as connectivity, manageability, and shared infrastructure. SGI CXFS is the first robust multi-os shared filesystem for SANs.
Based on the field-proven XFS filesystem, CXFS provides a highly available, scalable, high-performance environment for sharing data between multiple operating systems on a SAN. CXFS supports IRIX, Windows NT and Windows 2000, Solaris, IBM AIX, and Red Hat Linux and will support other platforms, enabling an unprecedented level of data sharing between platforms.